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👨🏽🏫 Definitions taken from Qamar, A. H. (2024). Social Resilience: A Critical Synopsis of Existing Definitions. Corvinus Journal of Sociology and Social Policy, 15(1), 129-147.
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- Social resilience is the ability of groups and individuals to tolerate and respond to environmental and socio-economic constraints through adaptive strategies. Bradley–Grainger (2004)
- Social resilience is the capacity of social groups and communities to recover from or respond positively to crises. Maguire–Hagan (2007)
- Social resilience is the way in which individuals, communities, and societies adapt, transform, and potentially become stronger when faced with environmental, social, economic, or political Challenges. Cuthill et al. (2008)
- Social resilience comprises four key characteristics: (1) the perception of risk associated with change; (2) the ability to plan, learn, and reorganize; (3) the proximity to the thresholds of coping; and (4) the level of interest in change. Marshall–Marshall (2007)
- Social resilience is the ability of a significant number of local dwellers to respond viably to surprising or unpredicted changes in natural and social environments. Broch (2013)
- Social resilience is comprised of three dimensions: (1) Coping capacities – the ability of social actors to cope with and overcome all kinds of adversities; (2) Adaptive capacities – their ability to learn from past experiences and adjust themselves to future challenges in their everyday lives; (3) Transformative capacities – their ability to craft sets of institutions that foster individual welfare and sustainable societal robustness towards future crises. Keck–Sakdapolrak (2013)
- Social resilience is the ability to prepare and plan for, absorb, recover from, or more successfully adapt to actual or potential adverse events. Cutter (2016)
- Social resilience is the resilience of the social environment: social resilience refers to a social unit or a group collectively coping with or responding to external stresses and disturbances resulting from social, political, and environmental changes. Kwok et al. (2016)